Special Capital Region of Jakarta (DKI Jakarta) is the capital city of Indonesia. Jakarta is the only city in Indonesia that has province-level status. Jakarta is located in the northwestern part of the island of Java. Was
once known as Sunda Kelapa (before 1527), White Rose (1527 1619),
Batavia / Batauia, or Jaccatra (1619-1942), Jakarta Tokubetsu Shi
(1942-1945) and Djakarta (1945-1972). Internationally Jakarta also has nicknames like J-Town, [4] or more popular The Big Durian because the city is considered a comparable New York City (Big Apple) in Indonesia.
Jakarta has an area of approximately 661.52 sq km (ocean: 6977.5 km²), with a population of 10,187,595 inhabitants (2011). Jakarta metropolitan area (Greater) of about 28 million inhabitants, is the largest metropolis in Southeast Asia or second in the world.
As a center of business, politics, and culture, Jakarta is home to the headquarters of state-owned enterprises, private companies, and foreign companies. It is also the seat of the government agencies and the ASEAN secretariat office. Jakarta is served by two airports, namely Soekarno-Hatta and Halim Airport, as well as a sea port at Tanjung Priok.
Located on the north coast of the western part of Java Island, Jakarta has expanded rapidly over the years, changed a lot of villages in the process. Jakarta is a conglomeration of villages known as the hometown or village. The names of the old village can be seen from the main roads such as: Tanah Abang, Kebon Nuts, Kebon Jeruk, Kampung Melayu and more. Together with a number of suburbs, Jakarta has become a mega metropolitan city. Therefore, when you visit Jakarta is better to use a map or rely on GPS.
Jakarta is a small miracle, when you through one of the major road and then find yourself in a small street along with a number of cars and motorcycles.
Jakarta itself is built on a wide flat delta, dipotongan by no less than 13 rivers. Jakarta Bay facing a large number of small islands located, known as the Thousand Islands or Thousand Island, a tourist resort for snorkeling and swimming. The southern part is a magnificent volcano Gede and Pangrango, where cool mountain resort such as Bogor, Puncak, Sukabumi and Bandung is located.
Capital of the country with 240 million people, Jakarta is not only a national government and provincial governments, the city is also the political center of Indonesia. Moreover, Jakarta is also the nation's financial center and trade Indonesia. Not surprisingly, you will see Jakarta as a dynamic city that never existed, a city that never sleeps.
Transportation
Jakarta has two International Airport, the largest is the Soekarno-Hatta in Tangerang, now in the province of Banten. The other is that the Halim airport where acceptance of heads of state.
Many airlines from Europe, Asia and Australia make the Soekarno-Hatta Airport as the airport turn it over to them, while other airlines resume flights to Bali and Australia. The airport is also is also the center of Indonesian airlines namely Garuda Indonesia as well as a domestic airline and transport field cheap goods. Taxis can be found at the airport for a trip to the city. But there is also a limousine as another alternative. Make sure that you take a cab from kaunternya than taking a taxi on the street. There are buses that go to the city but not often.
Activity
The Thamrin-Sudirman avenues
Jakarta to know you have to explore the main streets. Jakarta's business center is located on the highway The Sudirman-Thamrin Avenue with tall high rise towers on either side. This is where the Indonesian central bank, Bank Indonesia, and most major banks headquartered. Sudirman from the Thamrin separated by a cold fountain located at the roundabout, which is surrounded by the landmark Hotel Indonesia and Wisma Nusantara, the first high-rise buildings in Jakarta. Roundabout Hotel Indonesia is now a preferred location for public demonstrations, exactly because of the continuous busy traffic circulating here. Along the main street there are also a number of top Jakarta hotels such as Hotel Indonesia Kempinski, the Grand Hyatt, the Nikko Jakarta, the Sari Pacific, the Grand Sahid Jaya, and the Meridien. Indonesia's top shopping center is also located here. There are Plaza Indonesia and Grand Indonesia. Bagunana behind this is Tanah Abang textile wholesale center, while across the road is the Sudirman Square, where are Pacific Place and many financial buildings are located.
Along the Sudirman is a central place Senayan Sports, the sports complex built by Indonesia's first president, Sukarno, in 1962 to hold Ganefo (match New Emerging Forces Force) and the reason for the construction of Sudirman-Thamrin. Here also the Jakarta Convention Center, where international conventions and exhibitions.
The Merdeka Square
The Sudirman-Thamrin leads to the Merdeka Square, where in the center stands the National Monument which is a red-white flag flown at the Proclamation of Independence on August 17, 1945 are located. This flag is now obsolete, and only taken out to accompany the replica flag to be flown at the independence ceremony in front of the Palace. National Monument which has a 137-meter high obelisk shaped, and on it there is the form of a 14.5 meter bronze flame coated with 32 kilograms gold leaf. Inside the museum there is a diorama depicting the Indonesian struggle for independence as well as the original text of the Proclamation of Independence. A lift takes visitors to the top to see the view of Jakarta.
Surrounding the Monument is now a park with a musical fountain, enjoyed by the Jakarta public on Sundays for sports and recreation. Deer wandering along the shady trees in the garden.
Merdeka Square is the center of the most important buildings of government. During Dutch colonial days here was the center of government, known as Koningsplein or the King's Square. The North is dominated by the Merdeka Palace once the home of the Dutch Governor Generals, which now is also the office of the President and Cabinet. To the south is the office of the vice president, building the Jakarta Governor and the provincial parliament, and also the American Embassy, while to the West is the National Museum, the Supreme Court, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the Indosat building, Indonesia's first international telecommunications company.
Banteng Field
Beyond Merdeka Square is Dutch colonial buildings built in neoclassical style in the 19th century, which include buildings around the Banteng, or Banteng Square, which is currently the Ministry of Finance, the neo-gothic Catholic Cathedral adjoining Sancta Ursula girls' school , and down the road there is the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Immanuel Protestant church facing Jakarta's main Gambir station.
Across the road to the Cathedral stands now Jakarta's largest mosque, the Istiqlal Mosque. Nearby is the Concert Hall and a shopping building with a colonial style called New Market, formerly became the most chosen by the elite of the Dutch. In the 18th century, of the Dutch known as the "Queen of the East"
Old Batavia
Behind the President's Palace is the canal which runs north pass the old Archive building to the Old Batavia, once the seat of the Dutch East Indies, VOC, built by Governor-General Jan Peterszoon Coen in the 17th century renovations continue to preserve this historic city area dominated by city hall or municipal building that now houses the Jakarta History Museum. In front of the museum is a shopping center that is currently named The square Square, after Sultan The square, the founder of this pelauhan that before the arrival of the Dutch mengancurkan old port on June 22, 1527 and renamed becoming Jayakararta, the city of victory. The square is surrounded by once important Dutch government buildings that have now become museums, including the Art Museum, Puppet Museum and Museum Batik Mandiri.
Further down is the old harbor called Sunda Kelapa, in his prime is a growing port for East trade such as cloves, nutmeg and pepper, sandalwood, silks and more. You can still admire majestic Bugis Phinisi sailboats at anchor where men still carry on their backs loads archipelago. New Batavia Marina has been built near the port. Not far away stands the old warehouses where now stands the Maritime Museum.
Currently, the location of the old city of Batavia is a business district of the Chinese people, but most of this is now modernized with shopping centers and hotels.
House of Representatives
Other important areas in Central Jakarta is Jalan Gatot Subroto, where stands Indonesia's Parliament building, and the Jalan Rasuna Said, location of most foreign Embassies.
In the Mega Kuningan Square located business and financial offices, a number of Embassies, and the luxurious Marriott Hotel and the Ritz Carlton. While across the road is the Ambassador mall, frequented by the staff of offices located at Mega Kuningan. On the road in the city of Casablanca brass which is still under construction will vie in design, comfort and luxury with cities like Singapore and Kuala Lumpur.
Today Jakarta continues to grow in all directions and the city mertopolis consists of private groups are connected in a residential erea, rekresi and shopping center, so it is very important to note in the area where the person is located.
Population
Based on BPS data in 2011, the population of Jakarta is 10,187,595 inhabitants. But at noon, this figure could grow over the coming workers from the satellite cities such as Bekasi, Tangerang, Bogor and Depok.
Religion
Religion professed by the inhabitants of Jakarta vary. According to data from the city government in 2005, the composition of religious adherents in the city are Islam (84.4%), Protestant (6.2%), Catholics (5.7%), Hindus (1.2%), and Buddha (3.5%) [25] The number of Buddhists seen more as people Konghucu also included. This figure is not much different from the situation in 1980, where Muslims amounted to 84.4%, followed by Protestants (6.3%), Catholics (2.9%), Hindu and Buddhist (5.7%), and Not religion (0.3%) [26] According to Cribb, in 1971 the adherents of Confucianism in relative terms was 1.7%. In 1980 and 2005, the census does not record the religious affiliation of the six recognized religions other than the government.
Various places of worship religions of the world can be found in Jakarta. Mosques and mosque, as a house of worship of Muslims, spread across the city, even in almost every environment. The largest mosque is the national mosque, Masjid Istiqlal, located in Gambir. A number of other important mosque is the Great Mosque of Al-Azhar in Kebayoran Baru, Masjid At-Tin in Taman Mini, and the Sunda Kelapa Mosque in Menteng.
While there is a large church in Jakarta, among others, Jakarta Cathedral Church, Church of Santa Theresia in Menteng, and the Church of St. James in Kelapa Gading for Catholics. Still in the nearby neighborhood, there is Immanuel Church building located across the Gambir Station for Protestants. In addition, there is the Church Koinonia in Jatinegara, Zion Church in Jakarta City, Christian Church Toraja in Kelapa Gading, North Jakarta.
For Hindus who live in Jakarta and surrounding areas, there are Adhitya Jaya Pura located in Rawamangun, East Jakarta, and Pura Segara in Cilincing, North Jakarta. Houses of worship, among others Vihara Buddhist Dhammacakka in Sunter Jaya, Theravada Buddhist Vihara Sasana in Kelapa Gading, and Vihara Silaparamitha in Cipinang Jaya. As for Confucians are Kelenteng Jin Yin Tek. Jakarta also has a synagogue used by Jewish foreign workers. [Need citation needed]Ethnic
Based on the 2000 population census, it was noted that the Jakarta population numbered 8.3 million consisting of the Javanese as much as 35.16%, Betawi (27.65%), Sunda (15.27%), Chinese (5.53%) , Batak (3.61%), Minangkabau (3.18%), Malay (1.62%), Bugis (0.59%), Madura (0.57%), Banten (0.25%), and Banjar (0.1%)
The population and ethnic composition in Jakarta, always changing from year to year. Based on the 2000 population census, it was noted that there are at least seven major ethnic groups that inhabit Jakarta. The Javanese are the largest ethnic group with a population of 35.16% of the population of the city. Betawi amounted to 27.65% of the population of the city. Jakarta is quite rapid development since the early 1970s, has been widely displacing ethnic Betawi village to the outskirts of the city. In 1961, the Betawi still form the largest percentage in a suburb like Cengkareng, Kebon Jeruk, Pasar Minggu, and PulogadungThe number of people in Jakarta because many Java development gaps between regions and Jakarta. So people looking for a job in Jakarta Java. This gave rise to the tradition of going home every year when Lebaran is the area in Jakarta simultaneously return to their home areas. Lebaran the largest number of Central Java, Jakarta is headed. In a detailed prediction of the number of travelers to Central Java in 2104 reached 7,893,681 people. Of that amount based on several categories, namely motorcycles pemudik 2,023,451 people, 2,136,138 people in a car, 3,426,702 people ride the bus, take the train 192 219 people, 26 836 people by boat, and 88 335 people boarded the plane. [29 ] In fact, according to data from the Ministry of Transportation Indonesia shows travelers purpose of Jakarta is 61% Central Java, East Java 39% and 10% elsewhere. Judging from his profession, 28% of travelers are private sector employees, 27% self-employed, 17% civil / military / police, 10% of students / college students, housewives 9% and 9% other professions. Itemized according to the travelers revenue, 44% of income Rp. 3-5 Million, 42% of income Rp. 1-3 Million, 10% income Rp. 5-10 million, 3% income below Rp. 1 million and 1% income above Rp. 10 million. [30]
The Chinese have been present in Jakarta since the 17th century. They used to live clustered in areas where settlements are known as Chinatown. Chinatown or Kampong China can be found in Glodok, Pinangsia, and Jatinegara, in addition to new residential housing in the area of Kelapa Gading, Pluit and Sunter. Many Chinese people who work as entrepreneurs or merchants. [31] In addition to the ethnic Chinese, ethnic Minangkabau too much to trade, including wholesale and retail trade in the traditional markets of the city.
Society of Eastern Indonesia, especially ethnic Bugis, Makassar and Ambon, concentrated in the area of Tanjung Priok. In this region too, there are still many people of Portuguese descent, as well as those who came from Luzon, Philippines
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